Kannon (Avalokitesvara), unknown maker from Japan

Exhibition Label: "Compassionate Beings: Japanese Buddhist Art," Sep-2009, Kris Ercums The bodhisattva Kannon is associated with the saving grace of Amida, whose small image is a feature of the bodhisattva’s crown. Kannon’s importance increased with the rise in popularity of Pure Land Buddhism during the Kamakura period (1185-1333). There are numerous variations on Kannon’s appearance, both masculine and feminine, perhaps due to the influence of Esoteric Buddhism with its emphasis on secret forms and practices. This painting has aspects that suggest a relation to esoteric practice. Most prominent perhaps is the lion throne on which the deity sits. Kannon, when seated, usually rests on a lotus or a plain lotus throne. The overlapping circular flame-ringed mandorlas also suggest an esoteric connection. Archive Label 2003: The bodhisattva Kannon (J. Kannon bosatsu) is associated with the saving grace of Amida, whose small image is a feature of the bodhisattva’s crown. Kannon’s importance increased with the rise in popularity of Pure Land Buddhism during the Kamakura period (1185-1333). There are numerous variations on Kannon’s appearance, both masculine and feminine, perhaps due to the influence of Esoteric Buddhism with its emphasis on secret forms and practices. This painting has aspects that suggest a relation to esoteric practice. Most prominent perhaps is the lion throne on which the deity sits. Kannon, when seated, usually rests on a lotus or a plain lotus throne. The overlapping circular flame-ringed mandorlas also suggest an esoteric connection. The use of cut gold (kirikane) in the petals of the lotus and in the decoration of the cloth is typical for the time period. Details of the throne and jewelry are given added dimension by the placement of a paste-like material on the surface of the painting, over which the gold leaf was applied. The techniques lend a brilliance and articulation to the surface that must have been even more impressive in the flickering light of a temple interior. Archive Label date unknown: This sumptous painting of the bodhisattva Kannon (in Sanskrit Avalokitesvara) testifies to the popularity and importance of this deity. Bodhisattvas are beings who declined Buddhahood in order to assist unenlightened beings who will suffer countless rebirths unless they are led towards enlightenment. The splendor of this painting is evident in the drapery, crown, platform and lotus seat that are lavishly detailed in mineral pigments and gold. The patterning of the fabric wrapped around its legs demonstrates not only the skill of the artist(s) but also the wealth of the patron(s) who commissioned it. Held in the deity's hand is a lotus blossom, a common Buddhist symbol of enlightenment because its beautiful flower emerges pristine from muddy waters. In the crown is a small image of a Buddha, understood to represent Amida (in Sanskrit Amitabha) who is closely linked with this deity.