Kyūden zushi (palace-style shrine), unknown maker from Japan

Artwork Overview

Kyūden zushi (palace-style shrine) , late 1800s–early 1900s
Where object was made: Japan
Material/technique: wood; lacquer; gold; paint
Dimensions:
Object Height/Width/Depth (Height x Width x Depth): 196.85 x 101.6 x 101.6 cm
Object Height/Width/Depth (Height x Width x Depth): 77 1/2 x 40 x 40 in
Credit line: William Bridges Thayer Memorial
Accession number: 1928.0162
Not on display

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In 1908, a year after her husband passed away, Sallie Casey Thayer traveled to Chicago, where she studied at the Art Institute of Chicago and began to collect works of art with serious intent. Although she initially bought only Japanese woodblock prints, she quickly expanded her collecting to include other objects from China, Japan, and Korea. It is possible that Thayer bought this palace-style shrine in Chicago. Thayer included a “praying room” in her home in Kansas City where she displayed works from Asia, including model shrines, Buddhist sculptures, and ritual textiles. This gilded wood and black lacquer shrine emulates the façade of a shrine or entrance gate and was not made for ritual use.

Dragons and lions are among the lucky motifs that decorate this shrine. Look carefully at the shrine’s palace-shaped upper part and square-shaped platform. Where do you find the dragon and lion motifs?

What kinds of things do you associate with good luck?

Civic Leader and Art Collector: Sallie Casey Thayer and an Art Museum for KU

Thayer expressed great interest in Japanese religions in her collecting habits, establishing a “praying room” in her home where she exhibited model shrines with Buddhist sculpture, as well as ritual textiles. Thayer’s decision to purchase this zushi may also reflect a growing admiration among Americans for Japanese architecture, especially following the international exhibitions in Philadelphia (1876) and Chicago (1893), at which the Japanese government had arranged large on-site constructions. This gilded, black lacquer shrine emulates the face or entrance gates to larger shrines, and may initially have served a ritual function. Additionally, since at least the 17th century, some European visitors to Japan began to associate lacquer, particularly black lacquer, with social elites. This shrine may have been sold on the foreign market to meet the growing demand among European and American collectors for Japanese lacquers.

Civic Leader and Art Collector: Sallie Casey Thayer and an Art Museum for KU

Thayer expressed great interest in Japanese religions in her collecting habits, establishing a “praying room” in her home where she exhibited model shrines with Buddhist sculpture, as well as ritual textiles. Thayer’s decision to purchase this zushi may also reflect a growing admiration among Americans for Japanese architecture, especially following the international exhibitions in
Philadelphia (1876) and Chicago (1893), at which the Japanese government had arranged large on-site constructions. This gilded, black lacquer shrine emulates the face or entrance gates to larger shrines, and may initially have served a ritual function. Additionally, since at least the 17th century, some European visitors to Japan began to associate lacquer, particularly black lacquer, with social
elites. This shrine may have been sold on the foreign market to meet the growing demand among European and American collectors for Japanese lacquers.

In 1908, a year after her husband passed away, Sallie Casey Thayer traveled to Chicago where she studied at the Art Institute of Chicago and began to collect works of art with serious intent. Although she initially bought only Japanese woodblock prints, she quickly expanded her collecting focus to include other sorts of objects from China, Japan, and Korea. Thayer purchased many of them at H. Deakin and Son and the New Gallery. It is possible that she also bought this Kyūden zushi, or palace-style shrine, in Chicago.

Sacred Space and Japanese Art at the Spencer Museum of Art

This architectural structure is a Japanese Buddhist portable shrine, referred to as a zushi in Japanese, which was made to house a sacred image. The upper part is in the shape of a building with a roof, brackets, and pillars, which is supported by a high dais, or platform. The roof has dormer gables and curved gables that are commonly seen in traditional Japanese architecture, including castles, Buddhist temples, and Shinto shrines. This particular form of zushi is called a kyūden, which means palace. The elevated dais that is composed of several layered rectangular blocks, narrowing in the middle, is meant to represent the sacred Mt. Sumeru, the highest mountain located at the center of the world in Buddhist cosmology. Moreover, the whole structure is decorated with auspicious motifs, such as phoenixes, dragons, lions, and bamboo flutes, which are often used to symbolize the paradise of Amida Buddha.
Currently the shrine is empty inside. However, in the 1920s when displayed in Spooner Hall (previously the Spooner-Thayer Museum of Art) on the University of Kansas campus, the shrine had additional rooftop ornaments and railings around the dais. The pillars were also covered with curtains. This shrine might have been made for an inner sanctuary of a temple hall. Although such a shrine itself demarks a sacred space to enshrine the figure of a deity or honored monk, when in the most sanctified space of a temple, its sacredness is amplified.
Text by YeGee Kwon

Exhibitions